I-TPO Engangeni Manzi Efanayo | Uhlobo H Ifanayo Ngokugcwele, Izinto Zophahla Ezingangeni Manzi Ezishiswa Ngokushisa Eziyi-Style Single-ply
1. Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo
Uhlobo H I-Homogeneous TPO Waterproof Membrane ikhiqizwa ngokuhambisana ne-GB 27789-2011 kazwelonke standard kanye ne-ASTM D6878 international standard, efanelekile kokubili kumaphrojekthi asekhaya kanye nama-oda okuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuhlanganisiwe be-extrusion kanye ne-calendar, yakhiwe nge-resin ye-PP yezinga eliphezulu kanye nerabha ye-EPDM, ehlanganiswe neziqinisi ze-UV ezingenisiwe kanye nama-anti-oxidants ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwesakhiwo okuzinzile ngesikhathi senkonzo yangaphandle yesikhathi eside.
Lolu lwelwesi lusebenzisa isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esihlanzekile nesilinganayo, esingenalo ungqimba lokuqinisa ifayibha noma ukusekelwa kwendwangu okungalukiwe. Njengoba ingenazo i-halogens nama-plasticizer afudukayo, izinto eziphinde zisetshenziswe zihlanganisa izakhiwo zerabha eziguquguqukayo, ezingamelani nesimo sezulu nezinzuzo zokushiselwa emoyeni oshisayo zezinto ze-thermoplastic. Yenzelwe izinhlelo zokuphahla eziveziwe ze-single-ply, idlula zonke ezinye izinto.ukuvimbela amanziimininingwane yesakhiwo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi isetshenziswa kabanziisakhiwo esisha sensimbiizakhiwo, amaphrojekthi ophahla lwezakhiwo zomphakathi kanye nemisebenzi yokuvuselela uphahla oludala.
2. Ukwakheka Kwesakhiwo kanye Nemininingwane Yobuchwepheshe
Izici Zesakhiwo Somkhiqizo
Ngokungafani ne-membrane yendabuko engangeni manzi enezingqimba eziningi, lo mkhiqizo unesakhiwo se-polymer esifana sonke esigwema ngokuphelele izingozi zekhwalithi ezivamile njengokuhlukanisa, ukuxebuka kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezingqimba. Ubuso, umongo kanye nephansi le-membrane kwabelana ngokwakheka okufanayo kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba ezihambisanayo. Yenziwe nge-PP ehlanzekile kakhulu kanye ne-EPDM exubile kanye nezithasiselo ezinobungani nemvelo, ayinayo i-PVC, ama-phthalates ayingozi noma izingxenye ezibolayo, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kwesikhathi eside ezimweni ezahlukene zobunjiniyela.
Amapharamitha Obuchwepheshe Ajwayelekile
Amazinga Okusebenza Nokuqinisekisa: GB 27789-2011, ASTM D6878; imibiko ephelele yokuhlolwa esemthethweni iyatholakala
Ubukhulu obutholakalayo: 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm (1.2mm/1.5mm yamaphrojekthi avamile; osayizi abajiyile abalungiselelwe bayatholakala)
Ububanzi Obujwayelekile: 1.5m, 2.0m (ububanzi obungokwezifiso buyatholakala)
Ubude Obujwayelekile: 20m, 30m (ubude obungaguquki ngokwezifiso buyatholakala; ukuthuthwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka kuma-roll amade kakhulu)
Ukusebenza Kokonga Umbala Nokonga Amandla: Okungamhlophe (okujwayelekile); Ukukhanya kwelanga ≥0.80, Ukukhishwa kwe-thermal ≥0.85, ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokonga amandla ophahla olupholile; imibala emnyama eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ongayikhetha
Ukumelana nokushisa okuphansiAkukho ukuqhekeka ku--40℃ (kuhlolwe nge-GB ngayinye 27789)
Ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Akukho ukugoba noma ukuguquguquka ku-80℃, okuletha ukuzinza okuthembekile kobukhulu bokushisa okuphezulu
Ukusebenza Kokushisela: Ingashiselwa emoyeni oshisayo ngokuphelele; amandla okushiselwa adlula noma alingana namandla e-base membrane ukuze kuhlanganiswe kahle i-integral
Izakhiwo Zemishini Eyinhloko: Amandla okunamathela ≥10MPa (GB/T 528); Ukwelulwa ngesikhathi sokuphuka ≥500% (GB/T 528); Ukumelana nokubhoboza ≥200N (GB/T 328.23)
Ukumelana Nokuguga Okushisayo: Ngemva kokuhlolwa kokuguga kwezinsuku ezingu-28 ku-80℃, amandla okubamba kanye nokugcinwa kobude kokubili kufinyelela ku-≥90%, kunciphisa ukuncishiswa kokusebenza ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle isikhathi eside
Ukumelana Nesimo Sezulu: Ifomula eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-UV ne-ozone ivimbela ngempumelelo ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka kanye nokufiphala, ivumelane nezimo zophahla ezivezwe ngokugcwele isikhathi eside
3. Izinzuzo Zomkhiqizo Oyinhloko
Isakhiwo Esifanayo Ngokugcwele Nokwenziwa Okuguquguqukayo Esizeni
Isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esifana ncamashi sisusa izingozi ezifihliwe zokuhlukanisa ngokuyisisekelo. Ngokuqina okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, i-membrane isekela ukusika okukhululekile kanye nokuma okungahleliwe endaweni. Ingagotshwa futhi ibunjwe ngomoya oshisayo ukuze ivumelane eduze nezimpande zamapayipi, izingxenye ezivelele kanye nezakhiwo ezigobile, ixazulule izinkinga ezinzima zokuvimbela amanzi ngenxa yokukhanya kophahla okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nama-node anemininingwane.
Uhlelo Lokushisela Ukushisa Oluhlanganisiwe kanye Nokuvinjelwa Kwamanzi Okungenamthungo
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esihlanganisiwe sezinto ezifanayo, wonke amalunga e-lap kanye nemininingwane yomphetho ingashintshwa ngokuphelele ukuze yakhe ungqimba oluqinile olungangeni manzi. Amalunga ashintshwayo awashiyi zindlela zokuvuza kwe-capillary, okuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuqhekeka kwamalunga, ukuqhekeka kanye nokuphuma kwamanzi. Inikeza ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuhlala isikhathi eside okungangeni manzi kwezinhlelo zokuphahla eziveziwe nge-single-ply.
Ifomula enobungani nemvelo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuningi
Njengoba ingenazo i-halogens, izithako ezinobuthi kanye nama-plasticizer afudukayo, le nto ephinde isetshenziswe ngeke igqwale izendlalelo zokuvikela uphahla noma izakhiwo. Imelana ngempumelelo ne-acid, i-alkali, amabala kawoyela kanye nokuguguleka kwemvula, ifanelekela isevisi yesikhathi eside ezimweni ezigqwalisayo njengezitshalo zamakhemikhali, izisekelo zokuzalela kanye neziteshi zokuhlanza imfucuza.
Ukukhanya Okuphezulu Kwelanga Nokuqina Kwesimo Sezulu Okude Kakhulu
Njengoba inokukhanya kwelanga okungaphezu kuka-0.80 futhi ihambisana nezindinganiso zophahla olupholile, i-membrane inciphisa ukuqongelela kokushisa kophahla futhi inciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okwakha. Ifomula yayo esezingeni eliphezulu yokulwa nokuguga isekela ukufakwa okuveziwe isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwezingqimba ezengeziwe zokuvikela, iletha ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezivamile.
Ukuhambisana Okuqinile Kwesistimu Nokuzivumelanisa Nezimo Kokwakhiwa Okuhlukahlukene
Ihambisana ngokugcwele namasethi aphelele ezesekeli zophahla ze-TPO, i-membrane isekela izindlela ezintathu zokwakha ezijwayelekile: ukubopha ngomshini, ukunamathela okugcwele kanye nokufakwa kwe-ballast okuxekethile. Ingalinganiswa kalula namazinga ahlukene omthwalo womoya kanye nezakhiwo zophahla, okunikeza ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuphezulu kokwakhiwa kanye nokusebenza kobunjiniyela obubanzi.
4. Izimo Zokusebenza
Imininingwane Yophahla Oluyinkimbinkimbi Yokuvikela Ukungenwa Kwamanzi: Ihlinzeka ngokukhanya nokuvala okuchwepheshile kwamakhona angaphakathi nangaphandle, ama-gutter, ama-expansion joints, izisekelo zemishini, izimpande zamapayipi kanye nezindawo zokukhipha amanzi emafektri ensimbi, izindawo zokugcina impahla kanye nezakhiwo zezentengiselwano, ixazulula ngokuphelele izinkinga ezivamile zokuvuza kwama-node.
Ukuvikela Ukungena Kwamanzi Kwesakhiwo Esinesimo Esikhethekile: Ifinyelela ekuvalekeni okungangeni manzi okuhlanganisiwe kophahla olugobile, izakhiwo zedome kanye nezibani zesibhakabhaka ezimise okwesipesheli, kanye nokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kokufaneleka kwezindawo zokwakha ezingajwayelekile.
Ukuvuselelwa Nokuthuthukiswa Kophahla Oludala: Ilungele ukulungiswa kwendawo kwezingqimba ezingangeni manzi ezonakele, ukuvuselelwa kwe-parapet, ukuqinisa uhlelo olungangeni manzi olukhona kanye nokuvuselelwa kwemininingwane yokuguga kophahla oluhlukahlukene lwezakhiwo ezindala.
Ukuvimbela Ukungenwa Amanzi Emvelo Okubhubhisayo: Kusetshenziswa ekuvaleleni okungangeni manzi okuvimbela ukugqwala kwezakhiwo zezimboni emapaki amakhemikhali, ezindaweni zokwelashwa kwemfucuza kanye nasezindaweni zokuzalela imfuyo ezinezimo ezinzima zokugqwala.
5. Iziqondiso Zokwakha Ezijwayelekile
Ukwelashwa Komphezulu Oyisisekelo: Gcina ungqimba lwesisekelo luqinile, luyisicaba, lomile futhi luhlanzekile. Susa amabala abukhali, amabala kawoyela, ukugcwala kwamanzi kanye nothuli ngokuphelele ukuze ugweme ukubhoboza ulwelwesi kanye nokunamathela kabi kokushisela.
Izidingo Zendawo Yokwakha: Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokwakha lingaphezu kuka-5℃. Ukushisa kuyimpoqo uma izinga lokushisa elizungezile lingaphansi kuka-5℃. Yonke imisebenzi yokwakha ayivunyelwe esimweni sezulu esinemvula, esikhithikayo, esinomoya kanye nesinomswakama ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokushisela.
Ukucaciswa Kobubanzi Be-Lap Ejwayelekile: Ububanzi be-longitudinal lap ≥80mm, ububanzi be-transverse lap ≥120mm. Ubukhulu obuthile bungalungiswa ngokuya ngezidingo zomklamo wephrojekthi.
Inqubo Yokushisela Ukushisa Kobungcweti: Yakha ngama-welder akhethekile e-TPO ashisayo. Amapharamitha anconywayo: izinga lokushisa lokushisela 500–600℃, isivinini sokuhamba 1.5–2.5m/min (ngokwereferensi kuphela). Ukuhlolwa kokushisela kokulinga kanye namandla okuxebuka kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwendawo enkulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalunga okushisela angenaphutha.
Ukwelashwa Kokuqinisa Ama-Key Node: Beka ulwelwesi lokuqinisa oluyi-150–300mm ububanzi emakhoneni, ezimpandeni zamapayipi nasezisekelweni zemishini. Ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, thambisa ulwelwesi ngomoya oshisayo noma usebenzise indlela yokugoba ebandayo ukuze ulufake ngokuqinile ngaphambi kokushisela nokulungisa.
Izinhlelo Zokulungisa Eziguquguqukayo: Iyahambisana nezixazululo ezintathu zokwakha ezivuthiwe: ukubopha ngomshini, ukunamathela okugcwele kanye nohlelo lwe-ballast olukhululekile, olungakhethwa ngokusekelwe kumthwalo womoya wangempela kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo.
Ukwelashwa Kokuvala Nokuqeda Umphetho: Faka izithambisi zokuqeda insimbi ezihambisanayo kuzo zonke izingqimba ze-membrane bese uvala nge-sealant ye-TPO yobungcweti ukuze uvimbele ukugoba konqenqema nokungena kwamanzi, ufeze ukuvalwa konqenqema ophahleni okuthembekile.
Ukuvikelwa Komkhiqizo Oqediwe: Gwema ukushayisana kwezinto ezibukhali kanye nokubhoboza ngomshini ngemva kokwakha. Ungahambi, uqoqe izinto noma wenze eminye imisebenzi yokwakha endaweni eqediwe zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungqimba olungangeni manzi luhlala luqinile.
6. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q1: Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinkulu ze-TPO membrane ehambisanayo ngokuphelele?
A1: Ayinawo ubungozi bokuqhekeka. Zonke izithungo zingashintshwa zibe yi-hot-air zibe yi-full engenamthungo, zinikeze ukusebenza okuphezulu kokungangeni manzi kanye nokuphila kwesikhathi senkonzo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yophahla oluveziwe.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphansi kanye nezingcolisayo?
A2: Yebo. Ihlala ingaqhekeki ku--40℃, futhi imelana nokuguguleka kwe-asidi, i-alkali kanye namafutha. Isebenza kahle ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali, amapulazi kanye nezinye izindawo ezinzima.
Q3: Yiziphi izindlela zokufaka ezisekelayo?
A3: Isekela ukubopha ngomshini, ukunamathela okugcwele kanye ne-ballast ekhululekile. Osayizi abajwayelekile kanye nemininingwane eyenziwe ngokwezifiso zombili ziyatholakala kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene ophahla.
7. Isifinyezo Somkhiqizo
Ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-GB 27789 kanye ne-ASTM D6878, i-Type H Homogeneous TPO Membrane isebenzisa isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esinokushisa okushelelayo kanye nefomula engenazo i-halogen enobungani nemvelo. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla, ixazulula ngempumelelo ukuhlukanisa, ukuvuza kwamalunga kanye nezinkinga zokumelana nesimo sezulu ezimbi ze-membranes yendabuko engangeni manzi. Ifanele ama-node ophahla ayinkimbinkimbi, izakhiwo ezigobile kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezigqwalisayo, isebenza njengesixazululo esingangeni manzi esingabizi futhi esihlala isikhathi eside sezakhiwo ezintsha ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye namaphrojekthi okuvuselela uphahla.
