I-HDPE Geomembrane High-Density Polyethylene Liner, Emelana Nokugqwala Nokuguga Kwezindawo Zokulahla Udoti, Amaphrojekthi Kamasipala kanye Nezolimo Zasemanzini

1. Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo

I-geomembrane ye-HDPE, efushaniswa ne-polyethylene engenamanzi amaningi, iyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu yi-polymer evimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi. Ikhiqizwa nge-resin ye-HDPE yekhwalithi ephezulu, exutshwe ne-carbon black, iziqinisi ze-UV, ama-antioxidants kanye nezithasiselo eziningi zokulwa nokuguga, futhi icutshungulwa ngokusebenzisa amasu okufaka umoya noma ukucubungula. Ihambisana ngokugcwele ne-GB/T 17643-2011 kazwelonke, umkhiqizo usekelwa yimibiko ephelele yokuhlolwa evela eceleni.

Iqukethe isakhiwo esiqinile sama-molecule, amandla aphezulu okudonseka, ukungenwa kahle kakhulu kanye nokumelana okuqinile kokugqwala, le geomembrane inikeza ukumelana okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside nesimo sezulu sangaphandle. Yizinto eziyinhloko zokulwa nokuvuza kanye nokuhlukanisa ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, ekulondolozweni kwamanzi, ekwakhiweni komasipala, ekulimeni kwezinhlanzi kanye namaphrojekthi okubukeka kwendawo, ezifanele zonke izinhlobo zezimo zobunjiniyela ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokulwa nokuvuza.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa Komkhiqizo

I-Geomembrane Ebushelelezi ye-HDPE

Lolu hlobo lunesimo esiyisicaba nesihlelekile esingenalo ukwakheka. Isakhiwo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo siyafana futhi siqinile futhi sinekhwalithi ezinzile. Siza ne-permeability ephansi kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile kwe-hot-weld. Amajoyinti ahlanganisiwe afinyelela ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, asekela ukufakwa okubushelelezi nokusebenza kahle endaweni ngenkathi elawula izindleko zephrojekthi iyonke.

Isicelo: Ilungele izisekelo ezisicaba kanye namaphrojekthi athambile okuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi, asetshenziswa kakhulu ekufakweni phansi kwamatangi okugcina ahlukahlukene, izindawo zokulahla udoti kanye nemisebenzi eyisisekelo esisicaba yokuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi.

I-geomembrane ye-HDPE eyodwa/ephindwe kabili ene-textured

Ukuthungwa okufanayo okuqinile kwakheka ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili ngokwelashwa kobungcweti bokuthungwa. Ukuthungwa kobuso kumile kahle ngaphandle kokuxebuka noma ukuwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ukwakheka kobuso kwandisa kakhulu ukungqubuzana kobuso, okunikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokungasheleli. Kuvimbela ngempumelelo ukushelela kwe-membrane nokugudluka emithambekeni emide.

Isicelo: Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuthambekeni okungangeni amanzi ezindaweni zokulahla udoti, emachibini asemuva, emathambekeni aseceleni kwechibi kanye namaphrojekthi ethangi lamanzi aphakeme.

I-Geomembrane ye-HDPE ehlanganisiwe (i-Geotextile enesendlalelo esingu-1 + ulwelwesi olu-1 / i-Geotextile enesendlalelo esingu-2 + ulwelwesi olu-1)

Kungumkhiqizo ohlanganisiwe ohlanganisiwe owakhiwe ngokubopha okushisa kwe-geotextile kanye ne-HDPE geomembrane. Isisindo se-geotextile singenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokwezidingo zephrojekthi. Ukucubungula okuhlanganisayo okushisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga zokuhlukanisa noma zokuhlukanisa. Kuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokulwa nokuvuza, ukuvikelwa kwe-buffer kanye nokukhipha amanzi entweni eyodwa.

Isicelo: Ilungele izimo zesisekelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa amachibi okwenziwa, ukuvikelwa kwemithambeka yomfula, amachibi ezinhlanzi, amadamu okugcina amanzi kanye namaphrojekthi kamasipala okuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi ngaphansi komhlaba.

3. Imininingwane Ejwayelekile kanye namapharamitha

Izinga Lokusebenza: GB/T 17643-2011
Ubukhulu obutholakalayo: 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.75mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm (ukujiya okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kuyatholakala)
Ububanzi ObujwayelekileUbubanzi: 2m, 3m, 4m, 6m, 8m; ububanzi obuphezulu obulungiselelwe bufika ku-10m
Umbala: Okumnyama (inguqulo ejwayelekile enefomula kazwelonke ye-carbon black anti-UV); okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okotshani, okumhlophe neminye imibala yokwenza ngokwezifiso
Uhlobo Lomkhiqizo: Uhlobo olubushelelezi, uhlobo olulodwa olunezingqimba, uhlobo olunezingqimba ezimbili, uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe (inhlanganisela ye-geotextile enezingqimba ezi-1 noma ezi-2)
Ukumelana Nokushisa OkuphansiAkukho ukuqhekeka ku--70℃, okuvumelana nokwakhiwa kwezwe lonke kanye nezimo zasebusika ezishisa kakhulu
I-Coefficient Yokuvunyelwa Ko ...: ≤1.0×10⁻¹² cm/s (kuhambisana nezimfuneko ezijwayelekile ze-GB/T 17643)

4. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko

Ukuvuleka Okuphansi Kakhulu, Umphumela Othembekile Wokulwa Nokuvuza
Isakhiwo sama-molecule amancane se-HDPE sivimba kakhulu ukungena kwamanzi nomoya ngesilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu sokugeleza kwamanzi. Simelana ngokuqinile nokungena kwamanzi isikhathi eside, sigwema ngempumelelo izinkinga ezifihliwe njengokuvuza kwamanzi kanye nokungena kwawo, futhi sigcina ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside nokuzinzile kokuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi kulo lonke uhlelo.

Ukungangeni Kwamakhemikhali Okuqinile Kuvumelana Nezimo Ezinzima
Le nto inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuqina kwamakhemikhali futhi ayihlangani ne-asidi, i-alkali, usawoti, indle kanye ne-biogas. Ingamelana nokuguguleka kwesikhathi eside okuvela ekungcoleni kwezindawo zokulahla udoti kanye namanzi angcolile ezimboni, ivumelane ngokugcwele nezimo zokusebenza ezigqwala kakhulu kumaphrojekthi ezemvelo, ezezimayini kanye namakhemikhali.

Ukumelana Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuguga kanye ne-UV, Impilo Ende Yenkonzo
Yakhiwe nge-carbon black emsulwa kakhulu kanye nezithasiselo zobuchwepheshe zokulwa nokuguga, i-membrane imelana nemisebe ye-ultraviolet, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokugqwala kwamagciwane. Ingasebenza kahle iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 ezindaweni eziveziwe (kuye ngesimo sezulu sendawo), futhi ifinyelele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 yokuphila kwayo lapho igqitshwe ngaphansi komhlaba.

Ukuqina Okuphezulu Nokumelana Okuqinile Kwemishini
Ngokuqina okuhle kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwelula, i-membrane iyakwazi ukumelana nokushaywa, ukudabuka nokubhoboza. Ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokungalingani kwesisekelo, ukufuduka kwenhlabathi kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukulimala, okuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu yokulwa nokuvuza kwamanzi.

Ukuzivumelanisa Nezimo Eziphansi Kakhulu
Igcina ukuqina komzimba okuzinzile ku--70℃ ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukuqina. Izinto zokwakha zifanelana nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene zesifunda futhi zisekela ukwakhiwa okuvamile ezindaweni zasebusika ezishisa kancane, futhi zivumelane nezimo eziningi zemvelo.

Kuphephile, Akunabo ubuthi futhi Kunobungani Nemvelo
Ikhiqizwa ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingavuthiwe, i-membrane ayinazo izakhi eziyingozi noma izinto ezinobuthi. Iphephile emanzini nasenhlabathini, isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi okuphuza, ezinhlelweni zamanzi endawo kanye namaphrojekthi okufuya izilwane zasolwandle ngaphandle kokubangela ukungcola.

Ukwakhiwa Kokushisela Okulula Okunokuqina Okuphezulu
I-membrane isekela ukushisela kobuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa okushisayo. Izithungo ezishibilikisiwe zihlanganiswa ngokuphelele nezinto eziyisisekelo ukuze zakhe isakhiwo esivaliwe kahle. Umklamo wokugoqa obanzi unciphisa inani lokuxhuma endaweni, wehlisa ngempumelelo izingozi zokuvuza futhi uthuthukise ukuzinza kwephrojekthi iyonke.

5. Ububanzi Bokusetshenziswa

Amaphrojekthi Ezemvelo Nokuhlanzeka: Izindawo zokulahla udoti zikamasipala, izitshalo zokushisa udoti, amachibi asemuva, amagceke okugcina udoti oyingozi kanye namathangi okulawula ukuvuza kwamanzi.

Amaphrojekthi Okulondolozwa Kwamanzi Nokuhlelwa Kwendawo: Amadamu okubhukuda, amachibi okwenziwa, imifula yemvelo, amathangi okugcina amanzi, iziteshi zokuphambukisa amanzi kanye nezindawo zamanzi ezahlukahlukene ezilawulayo.

Imboni Yezolimo Zasemanzini: Ukuvikela ukuvuza kwamanzi kanye nokuthambeka kwamachibi ezinhlanzi, amachibi ezinhlanzi ezinsomi, amachibi e-loach kanye namachibi okuzala akhethekile.

Amaphrojekthi kaMasipala kanye noKwakha: Ama-slab ophahla angaphansi komhlaba, imigudu yokusetshenziswa komhlaba, ama-slab ophahla lwegaraji kanye nemisebenzi kamasipala evikela umswakama kanye nemisebenzi evimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi ngaphansi komhlaba.

Amaphrojekthi Okwelapha Amakhemikhali Nokungcola: Izitshalo zokulahla indle zasemadolobheni, amathangi alawulayo, amathangi okulahla indle, amathangi okusabela kwamakhemikhali, amathangi oketshezi olungcolile kanye nokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali okulwa nokugqwala kanye nokungangeni kwamanzi.

Amaphrojekthi Okuvuselela Ezolimo: Ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba oqukethe usawoti ne-alkali, ukonga amanzi ezindaweni zasemapulazini, izindawo zokugcina amanzi ezolimo kanye namaphrojekthi okuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi epanini likasawoti.

6. Ubuchwepheshe Bokwakha

I-geomembrane ye-HDPE isebenzisa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kokushisela okuhamba ngezinyawo ezimbili emoyeni oshisayo. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lokushisela lilawulwa ku-400℃ kuya ku-500℃, ububanzi obuhambisanayo bungaphansi kuka-100mm. Indawo ehambisanayo ihlanganiswe ngokushisa, igcina umgodi ongenalutho ukuze kuhlolwe ingcindezi yomoya kamuva.

Izidingo Ze-Substrate: Hlanza wonke amatshe abukhali, izindawo eziqinile kanye nemfucumfucu esisekelweni ukuqinisekisa isisekelo esiyisicaba nesiqinile. Ukuze uthole izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi neziqinile, faka ungqimba lwe-geotextile njengesivikelo se-buffer ukuze ugweme ukulimala kokubhoboza ulwelwesi.

Izinga Lokuhlola Ukushintshwa: Yenza isivivinyo sokuvuza komfutho womoya ku-0.15–0.2MPa. Gcina ingcindezi imizuzu emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ngaphandle kokwehla komfutho noma ukuvuza komoya, okuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokushisela futhi kugwema ukushisela okungaphelele kanye nokushisela okungekho.

Indlela Yokulungisa: Sebenzisa ukubekwa okuxekethile, ukulungiswa kwebhathini noma ukunamathela emthambekeni ngokwezimo zangempela zendawo. Ukujula komsele wokunamathela kufanele kufinyelele ngaphezu kuka-500mm, kanye nokugcwaliswa okunezingqimba kanye nokuqina ukuqinisekisa ukuqina okuqinile. Isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esingenamthungo siqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuthembekile kwesikhathi eside okungangeni amanzi kulo lonke iphrojekthi.

7. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q1: Yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwe-geomembrane ye-HDPE ebushelelezi, ethambile kanye nehlanganisiwe?A1: Uhlobo olubushelelezi lusebenza kahle ezisekelweni ezisicaba. Uhlobo oluthambile luhlinzeka ngokusebenza okungasheleli emithambekeni emide. Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe olune-geotextile lunikeza isivikelo esengeziwe kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi ezisekelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe i-geomembrane ye-HDPE imelana namakhemikhali aqinile kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi? A2: Yebo. Imelana nokuguguleka kwe-asidi, i-alkali kanye nendle, futhi ihlala ingenamachaphaza ku--70℃. Isebenza ngokuthembekile kumaphrojekthi okulahla udoti, amakhemikhali kanye nezindawo ezibandayo.

Q3: Ungahlola kanjani ikhwalithi yokushisela endaweni?A3: Sisebenzisa ukushisela okushisayo okunezindlela ezimbili. Yenza ukuhlolwa komfutho womoya ku-0.15–0.2MPa imizuzu emi-3-5; ukungabi khona kokwehla komfutho kusho ukushisela okufanelekile.

8. Isifinyezo Somkhiqizo

Ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-GB/T 17643-2011, i-geomembrane ye-HDPE ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezibushelelezi, ezithungwe kahle nezihlanganisiwe ukuze ihlangabezane nazo zonke izinhlobo zezimfuno zobunjiniyela bokulwa nokuvuza kwamanzi. Ihlanganisa ukungakwazi ukungena kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kahle kokulwa nokuguga, ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, futhi inezakhiwo ezinobungani nemvelo kanye nezingenabo ubuthi. Ngokushisela okushisayo okuncibilikisiwe kochwepheshe, yakha uhlelo lokulwa nokuvuza oluvalekile ngokuphelele noluzinzile, olusebenza njengezinto ezikhethwayo zesikhathi eside zokulwa nokuvuza kwamanzi zokuvikela imvelo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, amaphrojekthi kamasipala, ezokulima emanzini kanye nezobunjiniyela bezolimo.